STEVEN D. MERRYDAY, District Judge.
On October 21, 2009, the plaintiff sued (Doc. 2) and alleged bad faith failure to settle a claim under an automobile insurance policy. On November 18, 2009, the defendant removed (Doc. 1) and sufficiently alleged diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332. The parties file (Docs. 34, 36) cross-motions for summary judgment. Each party responds (Docs. 37, 39) in opposition.
Pedro Cardenas procured from Geico Casualty Company ("Geico") an insurance policy that provides coverage from April 12, 2006, to October 12, 2006, for damages resulting from an automobile accident.
On May 1, 2006, Cardenas reported the accident to Geico, and on May 2, 2006, Geico advised Cardenas of the coverage limit, of the risk that Cardenas's liability would exceed coverage, and of Cardenas's right to retain an attorney.
On August 22, 2006, Geico received from Luhrsen a demand letter (erroneously dated July 13, 2006) that offered to settle the claim. The letter (Doc. 36-12) states (in relevant part):
Upon receiving the demand, Geico (1) attempted unsuccessfully to contact Luhrsen to obtain a proposed release for Cardenas to execute,
Upon calling Cardenas on September 6, 2010, Geico learned that Cardenas had neither read the documents sent by Geico on August 31 nor executed the release. Geico (1) advised Cardenas to both review the documents as soon as possible and consider the offer and (2) reminded Cardenas that the settlement offer required a compliant acceptance by Cardenas and Geico no later than noon the following Monday. The next day, Geico called Cardenas and Cardenas stated that he planned to execute and fax each document the following morning.
At 11:35 a.m. on September 11, 2006, Jeffares obtained the documents (plus $66.00) from Cardenas and hand-delivered the acceptance to Luhrsen.
At 4:00 p.m., after departing Luhrsen's office, Jeffares realized that he inadvertently failed to leave with Luhrsen the certified copy of the policy. Jeffares immediately called Luhrsen's office, explained the situation, and promised to deliver the policy to Luhrsen the next morning.
Cardenas sues (Doc. 2) Geico for bad faith failure to settle the claim.
An insurer possesses a duty of "good faith" to an insured "to refrain from acting solely on the basis of the[] [insurer's] own interest[] in settlement." State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Laforet, 658 So.2d 55, 58 (Fla.1995). Bad faith conduct by an insurer in settling a claim renders the insurer liable for a judgment against an insured in favor of an injured third party "including an[] amount in excess of the insured's policy limits." 658 So.2d at 58 (describing this type of claim as a "third-party bad faith action"). The duty of good faith obligates an insurer "to advise the insured of settlement opportunities, to advise as to the probable outcome of the litigation, to warn of the possibility of an excess judgment, and to advise the insured of any steps [the insured] might take to avoid same." Boston Old Colony Ins. Co. v. Gutierrez, 386 So.2d 783, 785 (Fla.1980); see also Johnson v. Geico Gen. Ins. Co., 318 Fed.Appx. 847, 851 (11th Cir.2009) (finding that "no obligation exists to accept a settlement offer []or to tender policy limits in advance of a settlement offer[] without time for investigation."). Accordingly, "`the essence of a third-party bad faith cause of action is to remedy a situation in which an insured is exposed to an excess judgment because of the insurer's failure to properly or promptly defend the claim.'" Macola v. Gov't Emp. Ins. Co., 953 So.2d 451, 458 (Fla.2006) (quoting Cunningham v. Standard Guar. Ins. Co., 630 So.2d 179, 181 (Fla.1994)).
Although negligent conduct is relevant to an insurer's good faith, negligent conduct (without more) falls short of "bad faith." DeLaune v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 314 So.2d 601, 602-03 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975). Furthermore, although a bad faith claim derives from and emphasizes the duty of the insurer to the insured, the conduct of a claimant and the claimant's attorney is relevant to determining the "realistic possibility of settlement." Barry v. Geico Gen. Ins. Co., 938 So.2d 613, 618 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006) (explaining that the insurer bears the burden of showing the absence— under the "totality of the circumstances"— of a realistic possibility of settlement). A bad faith action is susceptible to summary judgment if the plaintiff lacks sufficient evidence of bad faith. See Shin Crest PTE, Ltd. v. AIU Ins. Co., 368 Fed.Appx. 14 (11th Cir.2010) (finding that the insurer fulfilled the duty to the insured by attempting, albeit unsuccessfully, to obtain for the insured a release from liability); Johnson, 318 Fed.Appx. at 850 (finding that "Florida appellate courts have affirmed summary judgment [if] the undisputed facts would allow no reasonable jury to conclude the defendant acted in bad faith."); Maldonado v. First Liberty Ins. Corp., 546 F.Supp.2d 1347, 1353 (S.D.Fla. 2008); Gutierrez, 386 So.2d at 785-86; Caldwell v. Allstate Ins. Co., 453 So.2d 1187, 1190 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984).
In responding to Geico's motion and in requesting partial summary judgment, Cardenas argues that Geico could have settled the claim by providing a "mirror-image" acceptance of the settlement offer. Cardenas contends that, because Geico responded with a release that contained a "hold harmless provision" and because Luhrsen's offer explicitly stated that "disbursement of the settlement proceeds... may not be conditioned upon the execution of hold harmless or indemnity agreements," Geico acted in bad faith toward Cardenas. Therefore, Cardenas asserts that Geico breached Geico's duty to Cardenas by failing to inform Cardenas of Geico's "counter-offer" containing a "hold harmless provision." Geico, however, argues (1) that the facts demonstrate Geico's good faith effort to settle with the claimants; (2) that Geico was the only party
In this instance, the facts demonstrate that Geico responded without delay (the day after the accident) to inform Cardenas of the risk of liability beyond the policy limit. Geico promptly responded to Luhrsen's initial request and expended every effort to comply promptly (within twenty days) with each term of the settlement offer, despite Luhrsen's refusing to communicate with Geico and Cardenas's failing to promptly respond to communication from Geico. Geico repeatedly, but to no avail, sought assistance from Luhrsen in drafting an acceptable release. Luhrsen declined to communicate with Geico and left Geico to draft a release. Upon tendering an acceptance, Geico disbursed the policy limit to the claimants (with a check payable to each claimant) and imposed no condition on disbursement. Furthermore, Geico stated a willingness to consider both a change to the propose release and a release drafted entirely by Luhrsen. Luhrsen once again failed to respond. Cardenas cannot—now that Cardenas faces a judgment substantially in excess of the policy limit—rely on some supposed defect in Geico's proposed release or on Geico's inadvertent (but quickly rectified) failure to tender a second, certified copy of the policy. The facts of this action demonstrate no basis upon which a reasonable jury could conclude that Geico acted "solely on the basis of [Geico's] own interest" in attempting to settle the claim. In fact, the facts demonstrate the Geico acted promptly, diligently, and with due concern for Cardenas's best interest.
Accordingly, the defendant's motion (Doc. 36) for summary judgment is
ORDERED.